Research
on Rail Safety Security System
This paper analysis of the integrated use of safety monitoring with
the domestic and international latest research on rail safety protection
system, and focus on the implementation of an organic whole system, with the
monitoring and early warning, risk assessment, predictive control and emergency
rescue system. The system framework, contents and system structure of Security
system is proposed completely. It’s pointed out that the Security system is a
negative feedback system composed of by safety monitoring and warning system, risk
assessment and emergency rescue system. Safety monitoring and warning system
focus on the monitoring target monitoring, early warning, tracking, integration
of decision-making, for objective and subjective risks factors. Risk assessment
system analysis the occurrence of a major Security risk mechanism, determines
the standard of the future short, medium and long term safety conditions, and
give prop for development of safety indicators, accident analysis and safety
standards. Emergency rescue system is with the goal of rapid and effective
rescue work for accident, to minimize casualties and property losses.
Along with the transportation
develops towards high-speed, high-density, over loading, technique
concentrated, complex of the technique systemic constitute, and the high
linkage between business system, the safety Security work will face exceptional
severe challenge. The objects related to safety Security consist of natural
disasters, foundation devices and emergencies. Any local damage and un-control may
evolve to a global damage and un-control during the subway is in motion and do
business. However, now the question of safety Security system is that the apply
and analysis on information of safety monitoring is on start-up period, the
whole benefit of prediction control and emergency rescue by monitor data has
not yet been fully developed, the primary cause of the problem is lack of
systemic rail transportation Security and technology criterion which is
adaptive to the system and possess the industry characteristic. Following the
development of the system on safety monitoring and early warming, it will
accumulate a mass of Security monitoring data. If the data is effectively
fusion, storage, and synthetically applied, the Co-relational research on rail
transportation safety Security system is becoming highly valued step by step in
recent years. Research on the theory and technology of rail transportation
safety Security has bear fruit according to the literatures. Literature [1]
described the depart control of rail transportation operating system and
presented the optimal strategy and realize of depart intelligent decision
support system based on Petri net. Literature [2] formally modeled definition,
design and realization of the self-check function in automatic driving control
software. Literature [3] had researched the analysis and design of the train
strategic decision supporting system by using the method facing objects.
Literature [4] optimized the train’s initiative driving by using linear
quadratic Gaussian (LQG) method and hereditary algorithm. Literature [5]
presented and brought out the distributed strategy decision supporting system
of the train station and train control along the line. Literature [6]
researched the optimized operation of the train based on the neural networks.
All of these achievements paved the path to build and improve the rail
intelligent train control system and rail transportation scourges prevention
facing the safety Security. It also invested abundant of labour power and financial
resources to keep away and control the scourges, thereby the whole scourge
early warning and monitor political system is formed. The system of scourge
early warming used scientific early warming methods, gathered every kind of
external data leading to scourge, advanced early warming to scourges such as
flooded line and collapsed line, carried out responding scourge warming,
formulated travelling regulation under scourges, which prevented the accidents
of scourge and Security transportation safety. Scourge monitoring system
directly monitored the scourges which are difficultly predicted, such as
rolling stones, collapse, broken bridges, which ensured the running train can
stop in time and transferred the information to any departments. The system frame
of American rail traffic intelligent transportation system, which named IRS,
contained system frame of proactive train controlling system, which can be used
to control train safety, reliable, punctual, effective operating, and by
avoiding train colliding, decreasing the negligence of rail road workers,
reducing facilities broken and over speed accidents. The standard current
situation of international standardization institution and each country safety
Security system concerning is:
UTC (Union International des
Chemise defers, International Union of railways), UTC is the biggest
international standardization institution of the world rail transportation.
This organization is a non-government international rail transportation
institute, which is subject of European rail transportation, and China is one
member country in it. A set of standardizations related to safety Security
system quickly developed for it. (2) ISO, ISO related to the rail
transportation standard is the 45 item-rail transportation projects. Although
now the part of ISO rail transportation is emphasized on project material, but
these standards are closely interrelated to transportation safety. (3) IEEE
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), IEEE standardization
committee is responsible for the survey, impel, management of IEEE standard,
pondering and proposing IEEE standard. For the past few years, IEEE
standardization committee is very active in standardization research part of
rail transportation information and control, closely follow after releasing
many standards in this region, and some parts is related to transportation
safety [7]. (4) ERRI (ERRI European Rail Research Institute)，ERRI
is under the lead of UIC and it is a rail technical research institute which
gathers rail traffic engineers in every country. Meanwhile, along with the
typical RITS system-ERTMS continually deepens, ERRI plays a decisive role in
the forming of the world rail traffic standard. (5) JIS, section E in JIS
standard object is directly related to rail transportation, including line
general standard, locomotive signal, signal servicing installation, rail
traffic vehicle general standard , high-speed train , passenger and freight
vehicle, tight wire railway standard. JIS present standardization strategy of the
same.
Rail traffic safety system is composed of
three parts: the safety monitoring and early warning system, risk assessment
system and emergency rescue system. Emergency rescue system is centre, safety
monitoring and early warning and risk assessment system is the means. In this
system, safety monitoring warning system is controller and transportation
safety factors is the object; the input is a closed-loop system of emergency
rescue level. Among them, safety factors are generalized concepts, including
not only individual subjective and objective factors which lead to the danger,
but also the relationship between factors and combination Safety monitoring and
early warning system Rail traffic safety monitoring and early warning system is
aiming at subjective and hidden danger factors. Monitoring network is composed
by monitoring stations, and observing monitoring target, tracking, early
warning, recognizing, monitoring and reporting the development state. The
monitoring content is composed of operation action of person in key position,
the running condition of vehicle, the vehicle loading condition and
infrastructure condition; transportation safety synthetically monitoring
information base is formed by information fusion, providing timely information
to prevention, predicting of hidden danger and emergency rescue. Safety
monitoring and early warning system uses distributed network monitoring
stations to monitor, track the safety station of targets. The key technology of
rail traffic safety monitoring and early warning system is system interface.
System interface contains not only integration technology of site safety
monitoring system, but also information exchange technology of safety subsystems
interconnection or integration. The contents include the classification of the
interface, form of structure and realization. According to the technical
content and layer of structure, system interface is divided into: system
interface and monitoring level interface. System interface: system interface refers
to the safety monitoring system and the interface of each safety subsystem.
System interface integrates and plans subsystem information base on the aspects
of system interconnection, part function, characteristic and structure, builds
uniform standard information storage structure, organization structure, circulation
mechanism, Monitoring level interface: monitoring level is that safety
subsystem interface processes the data collection and forms standardized interface.
Monitoring level interface is related to their own function features of safety
device. ii. Early warning decision-making of monitoring network the same major
safety monitoring system in monitoring network which deployed at the site is
independence. Because of the monitoring results are influenced by many random
factors, the single point estimation judgement may not be necessarily accurate
in monitoring and warning, which means false alarm and leakage alarm(false
alarm is that target under monitoring system is out of action, but it actual
trouble-free. False alarm rate is in a period, the number of fault alarm
displaying contrast to the total alarm displaying). Therefore, the result of
judgement will objective, when the monitoring network stations increase a participant
of fusion judgement node, judge monitoring system become integrated, the participants
with the determination results objectively.
The monitoring network system
containing several stations and a decision fusion monitoring network system can
be divided into two kinds of structure ,a kind of monitoring and early warning
decision-making model which composes by many stations and a fusion centre,
called MDOF model.
CONCLUSION:
The paper based on analysing and summarizing co-relational
research results of rail traffic safety Security, and it presents
systematically the traffic safety Security system which should be served as a
unity including safety monitoring and early warning system, risk evaluation
system and emergency rescuing system. It realizes information fusion, information
sharing and technical standardization. In the paper, rail traffic safety
management system and Security management system is proposed and founded to
adapt to the new features nowadays. After minutely stating the detailed
technical frame design of safety monitoring and early warning system, risk
evaluation system and emergency rescuing system, the paper integrally presents
the system frame, research contents and system constitute of safety Security
system. Synthetic safety Security system can develop synthetically monitoring,
forecasting, early warning, disaster prevention and rescuing strategy service
function, make that it can cohere with the work of some department, such as
safety operating, infrastructure maintenance, quick emergency, and give full play
to the function of Security safety devices and safety monitoring system.